Google Could Self-Paced (GSP) Labs 001 - Creating a Virtual Machine
Overview
Compute Engine lets you create virtual machines that run different operating systems, including multiple flavors of Linux (Debian, Ubuntu, Suse, Red Hat, CoreOS) and Windows Server, on Google infrastructure. You can run thousands of virtual CPUs on a system that is designed to be fast and to offer strong consistency of performance.
In this hands-on lab, you'll create virtual machine instances of various machine types using the Google Cloud Console and the gcloud command line. You'll also learn how to connect an NGINX web server to your virtual machine.
Although you can easily copy and paste commands from the lab to the appropriate place, we recommend that you type the commands yourself to reinforce your understanding of the core concepts.
What you'll do
Create a virtual machine with the Cloud Console.
Create a virtual machine with the gcloud command line.
Deploy a web server and connect it to a virtual machine.
Prerequisites
Familiarity with standard Linux text editors such as vim, emacs, or nano will be helpful.
Source:
This lab is from Qwiklabs.
Task 1: Sign in to the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Console
Activate Cloud Shell
Cloud Shell is a virtual machine that is loaded with development tools. It offers a persistent 5GB home directory and runs on the Google Cloud. Cloud Shell provides command-line access to your Google Cloud resources.
In the Cloud Console, in the top right toolbar, click the Activate Cloud Shell button.
Click Continue.
It takes a few moments to provision and connect to the environment. When you are connected, you are already authenticated, and the project is set to your PROJECT_ID.
gcloud is the command-line tool for Google Cloud. It comes pre-installed on Cloud Shell and supports tab-completion.
You can list the active account name with this command:
gcloud auth list
You can list the project ID with this command:
gcloud config list project
After Cloud Shell is activated, you can use the command line to invoke the Cloud SDK gcloud tool or other tools available on the virtual machine instance. Later in the lab, you will use your $HOME directory, which is used in persistent disk storage to store files across projects and between Cloud Shell sessions. Your $HOME directory is private to you and cannot be accessed by other users.
Understanding Regions and Zones
Certain Compute Engine resources live in regions or zones. A region is a specific geographical location where you can run your resources. Each region has one or more zones. For example, the us-central1 region denotes a region in the Central United States that has zones us-central1-a, us-central1-b, us-central1-c, and us-central1-f.
Resources that live in a zone are referred to as zonal resources. Virtual machine Instances and persistent disks live in a zone. To attach a persistent disk to a virtual machine instance, both resources must be in the same zone. Similarly, if you want to assign a static IP address to an instance, the instance must be in the same region as the static IP.
Task 1: Create a new instance from the Cloud Console
In this section, you'll learn how to create new pre-defined machine types with Compute Engine from the Cloud Console.
1. In the Cloud Console, on the Navigation menu (Navigation menu), click Compute Engine > VM Instances.
This may take a minute to initialize for the first time.
2. To create a new instance, click CREATE INSTANCE.
3. There are many parameters you can configure when creating a new instance. Use the following for this lab:
Field Value Additional Information
Name gcelab Name for the VM instance
Region us-central1 (Iowa) For more information about regions, see Regions and Zones.
Zone us-central1-f Note: Remember the zone that you selected: you'll need it later. For more information about zones, see Regions and Zones.
Series N1 Name of the series
Machine Type 2 vCPU This is an (n1-standard-2), 2-CPU, 7.5GB RAM instance. Several machine types are available, ranging from micro instance types to 32-core/208GB RAM instance types. For more information, see Machine Types. Note: A new project has a default resource quota, which may limit the number of CPU cores. You can request more when you work on projects outside this lab.
Boot Disk New 10 GB balanced persistent disk OS Image: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster) Several images are available, including Debian, Ubuntu, CoreOS, and premium images such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Windows Server. For more information, see Operating System documentation.
Firewall Allow HTTP traffic Select this option in order to access a web server that you'll install later. Note: This will automatically create a firewall rule to allow HTTP traffic on port 80.
4. Click Create.
It should take about a minute for the machine to be created. After that, the new virtual machine is listed on the VM Instances page.
5. To use SSH to connect to the virtual machine, in the row for your machine, click SSH.
This launches an SSH client directly from your browser.
Task 2: Install an NGINX web server
Now you'll install an NGINX web server, one of the most popular web servers in the world, to connect your virtual machine to something.
1. In the SSH terminal, to get root access, run the following command:
sudo su -
2. As the root user, update your OS:
apt-get update
Expected output:
3. Install NGINX:
apt-get install nginx -y
Expected output:
4. Confirm that NGINX is running:
ps auwx | grep nginx
Expected output:
5. To see the web page, return to the Cloud Console and click the External IP link in the row for your machine, or add the External IP value to http://EXTERNAL_IP/ in a new browser window or tab.
This default web page should open:
Task 3: Create a new instance with gcloud
Instead of using the Cloud Console to create a virtual machine instance, you can use the command line tool gcloud, which is pre-installed in Google Cloud Shell. Cloud Shell is a Debian-based virtual machine loaded with all the development tools you'll need (gcloud, git, and others) and offers a persistent 5-GB home directory.
1. In the Cloud Shell, use gcloud to create a new virtual machine instance from the command line:
gcloud compute instances create gcelab2 --machine-type n1-standard-2 --zone us-central1-f
Expected output:
The new instance has these default values:
The latest Debian 10 (buster) image.
The n1-standard-2 machine type. In this lab, you can select one of these other machine types: n1-highmem-4 or n1-highcpu-4. When you're working on a project outside Qwiklabs, you can also specify a custom machine type.
A root persistent disk with the same name as the instance; the disk is automatically attached to the instance.
2. To see all the defaults, run:
gcloud compute instances create --help
Note: You can set the default region and zones that gcloud uses if you are always working within one region/zone and you don't want to append the --zone flag every time. To do this, run these commands:
gcloud config set compute/zone ...
gcloud config set compute/region ...
3. To exit help, press CTRL + C.
4. In the Cloud Console, on the Navigation menu, click Compute Engine > VM instances. Your 2 new instances should be listed.
5. You can also use SSH to connect to your instance via gcloud. Make sure to add your zone, or omit the --zone flag if you've set the option globally:
gcloud compute ssh gcelab2 --zone us-central1-f
6. Type Y to continue.
7. Press ENTER through the passphrase section to leave the passphrase empty.
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase)
8. After connecting, disconnect from SSH by exiting from the remote shell:
exit
Congratulations!
Compute Engine is the foundation of Google Cloud's infrastructure as a service. You created a virtual machine with Compute Engine and can now map your existing server infrastructure, load balancers, and network topology to Google Cloud.
Reference:
1. Qwiklabs
2. Google Cloud Certification - Associate Cloud Engineer
3. For full documentation of gcloud
4. Learn more about regions and zones
最初發表 / 最後更新: 2021.10.31 / 2021.10.31
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